Integrating LCA and network model to understand food-energy-water nexus in the Ningxia, China

It is necessary to link and feedback the FEW-Nexus in order find a sustainable method of food, energy, water (FEW) supply. We better understand nexus by integrating LCA network models based on previous work this paper. The results show that (1) 1.16 billion kg grain were traded Ningxia 2020. export area primarily Ningxia’s central southern regions, trade relieves pressure demand north. (2) Grain has resulted movement reconfiguration footprints carbon footprints, alleviating some local resources. However, counties have low agricultural resource utilization efficiency. For example, Xiji failed use effectively water-rich areas meet needs water-scarce areas. (3) spatial association unbalanced, associated channels should be enriched. can improve energy resources strengthening key nodes food flow.